Hydrochloric acid, hydrochloric acid Specification

[English name] hydrochloric acid; Meiotic acid

[structure or molecular formula]

[relative molecular weight or atomic weight] 36.46

[density] 1.187

[melting point (°C)]-114.8

[Boiling point (°C)]-84.9

【Properties】

Colorless liquid. It usually contains impurities and is yellow.

【Solubility】

Dissolved in water.

【use】

It is a strong acid. It can belong to the role with a variety of gold. It is one of the important phenolic raw materials. Widely used in chemical industry, petroleum industry, metallurgical industry, printing and dyeing industry. It is a raw material for manufacturing ammonium chloride, calcium chloride, zinc chloride, copper chloride, basic aluminum chloride, ferric chloride liquid or the like. In the synthesis of dyes and pharmaceutical intermediates, it is used for the diazotization of amino groups, the conversion of nitro groups into amino groups, the conversion of sodium sulfonates into sulfonic acids, and the like. Also used in the synthesis of polyvinyl chloride, chloroprene rubber, and ethane. Also used in hydrometallurgy (such as decomposition of tungsten ore to produce tungstic acid, etc.). Alloy surface treatment (as copper pickling and rust removal). In the printing and dyeing industry, it is used for pickling after fabric bleaching, neutralization after mercerizing, and the like. In addition, it is also used in the recycling of resin, sugar and tea industry.

[preparation or source]

It is obtained by absorbing hydrogen chloride with water. Hydrochloric acid production methods mainly include synthetic methods and by-product methods. Synthetic method: While electrolyzing brine to produce caustic soda, chlorine gas and hydrogen gas can be obtained, and chlorine gas and hydrogen gas after water separation are introduced into a synthesis furnace for combustion to generate hydrogen chloride gas, and after cooling, water is absorbed to obtain a finished hydrochloric acid product.

【other】

An aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride containing 20% ​​hydrogen chloride has a constant boiling point. The commercial concentrated hydrochloric acid contains 37%-38% hydrogen chloride with a density of 1.19. It is highly corrosive and can corrode metals and has a corrosive effect on animal and plant fibers and human skin. Concentrated hydrochloric acid emits smoke in the air, and when it touches ammonia vapor, it will form a white cloud, and its gas is harmful to animals and plants. It is a very strong inorganic acid, which reacts with metals to form all chlorides and emits chlorine; it reacts with metal oxides to form salts and water; it neutralizes with alkali to form salts and water; and salts can undergo metathesis to form new ones. Salt and new acid.

【Packing, Storage and Transportation】

When storing and transporting a large amount of oil, it can be lined with acid-resistant rubber or PVC steel hard-plate tanker, storage tank and railway tank truck. The net weight of each vehicle is 50t. When a small amount, it can be packed in ceramic altar or plastic crucible, and the net weight of each altar is 25~30k. 0.5kg to 5kg products can be packaged in glass bottles. The package should be sealed. Long-distance transportation, ceramic altars, etc., should be covered with crates and straw in the middle. The crates should be at least 20mm above the altar. There should be obvious “corrosive articles” on the packaging. The edible hydrochloric acid should have the words “food additives”.